تعداد نشریات | 50 |
تعداد شمارهها | 2,232 |
تعداد مقالات | 20,476 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 25,277,297 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 22,930,749 |
Model of the comprehensive index of tax avoidance and company' attributes | ||
International Journal of Finance & Managerial Accounting | ||
دوره 8، شماره 30، شهریور 2023، صفحه 89-108 اصل مقاله (518.36 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/ijfma.2023.21591 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
morteza akbari1؛ Faegh Ahmadi 1؛ Hamidreza Shammakhi2؛ Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar 3 | ||
1Department Of accounting,Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran | ||
2Department Of accounting, Eslamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Eslamshahr , Iran Tehran, Iran | ||
3Department Of accounting, Bandarabbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandarabbas, Iran | ||
چکیده | ||
The topic of taxes has a crucial role in the financial and economic literature of every country. In the informational atmosphere of accounting in Iran, the tax is one of the foundations which affects the financial reports. So it seems that many companies are struggling with tax avoidance and because of that, determining the affecting factors on the tax avoidance level is very important. Therefore, in this research, by focusing on various indexes by using the fuzzy method, a comprehensive index for evaluating tax avoidance is introduced. And then, we investigate the effect of the comprehensive model of tax avoidance evaluation on the company attributes by using multivariate regression. Also, for testing and evaluating the function of the designed model, the data of the 102 companies during the years from 1390 to 1398 have been utilized by the hybrid approach. So, a questionnaire for an opinion poll from experts about validity and importance of considered criteria for evaluating the tax avoidance of company was provided and distributed among them and by using one of the multiple-criteria decision-making models (Shannon Entropy), validity and importance of the criteria were determined. Also, confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the relationships of the latent variable in this tax avoidance research. The achieved results demonstrate that the suggested model is a suitable index for tax avoidance. Furthermore, the results showed that the company attributes (company size, profitability, and progress of company) could affect tax avoidance, and it causes an increase in tax avoidance. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
tax avoidance؛ comprehensive index of tax avoidance؛ multiple-criteria decision-making model؛ company attributes | ||
مراجع | ||
Ebrahimi Kordlar, A., Rahmati, S. (2013). Review of the Relation of Auditor’s Size, Tenure & Industry Specialization with Stock Liquidity. Accounting and audit researches, 5(21), 38-51. 2) Nobakht, Maryam and Nobakht, Younes. (2020). The effect of tax avoidance on corporate value accounting criteria: free cash flow for business unit and business-induced free cash flow. Empirical Studies of Financial Accounting, Volume 17, No. 68, pp. 119- 3) Rahimi, Alireza, and Foroughi, Aref. (2020). The effect of tax avoidance on investment efficiency. Accounting Knowledge, Year 11, No. 41, pp. 264-239. 4) Etemadi, H., Shafakhabiri, N. (2011). The effect of free cash flows on the earning management and the role of the audit committee. Financial accounting, 3)10(, 18-42. 5) Babajani, J., Abdi, M. (2010). Relationship between principles of corporate governance and taxable return of companies. Financial accounting researches. 2(3), 65-86. 6) Jamei, R. Rostamian, A. (2016). The effect of financial expertise of members of the auditing committee on the forecasted earning properties. Financial accounting and auditing researches. 8 (92), 1-11. 7) Jabbarzadeh Kangarloui, S., Behnamoon, Y., Behzadi, N., Shakouri, S. (2016). Investigation of the relationship between tax avoidance and the company's value emphasizes the agency cost and company disclosure quality. Financial management strategy, 4(14), 25-48. 8) Hajiannejad, A., Daneshsararvardi, S.R. (2019). Investigation of the effect of the agency cost and liquidity on tax avoidance by profitability. Accounting knowledge, 10(1), 115-136. 9) Heidari, M., Didar, H., Qaderi, B. (2016). Investigation of the effect of the agency cost on the standard of performance evaluation: Modeling approach of structural equations. Financial accounting, 7(27), 77-101. 10) Khodamipour, A., Roostaei, Sh. (2014). Investigation of the relationship between smoothing the taxable income and tax avoidance and its informational content. Accounting and audit management knowledge, 3(10), 35-46. 11) Khajavi, Sh., Valipour, H., Kavianifard, H. (2018). Investigation of the role and motivation of board in company's tax avoidance. Financial accounting knowledge, 5(2), 59-84. 12) Shaybani Tezerji, A., Khodamipour, A. (2018). Investigation of the moderating role of real earnings management on the relationship between customer concentration and tax avoidance (Case study of Tehran Stock Exchange companies). Accounting knowledge, 9(2), 103-129. 13) Safari Gerayli, M., Rezaei Pitenoei, Y. (2018). Managerial Ability and Financial Reporting Readability: A Test of Signaling Theory . Accounting knowledge, 9(2), 191-218. 14) Abbasi, E., Bashiri Jouybari, M. (2015). Investigating the shareholders' evaluation from the level of unreliability in a tax condition. Practical researches in financial reporting, 4(6), 7-26. 15) Gholamikian, A., Faghih, M. (2017). The Impact of Tax Avoidance on Earning Predictability. Tax Journal, 25(33), 227-244. 16) Gharanjik, A., Garkaz, M. (2018). Investigation of the relationship between some corporate governance mechanisms and tax avoidance in the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Accounting knowledge, 18(70), 175-193. 17) Kordestani, Gh., Abashi, A. (2014). Investigation of the effect of customer concentration on the 106 / Model of the comprehensive index of tax avoidance and company' attributes Vol.8 / No.30 / Summer 2023 company's financial performance. Asset management and Financing, 2(3), 81-92. 18) Kordestani, Gh., Majdi, Z. (2007). Investigation of the relationship between quantitative return attributes and the expected return rate of common stock investors. Accounting and auditing investigations, 14(48), 85-104. 19) Kamalimonfared, Sh., Ahmadi, S.A. (2017). Effect of managerial ability on tax avoidance and company’s value by using the data envelopment analysis method. Accounting knowledge, 8(1), 135-154. 20) Maranjory, M., Alikhani, R. (2014). Social responsibility disclosure and corporate governance. Accounting and auditing investigations. 21(3), 329-348. 21) Mardani, M., Safari Gerayli, M., Valiyan, H. (2018). Customer concentration and tax avoidance (Case study of Tehran Stock Exchange companies). Accounting knowledge, 18(73), 123-137. 22) Acharya, V.V., Berger, A.N. and Roman, R.A. (2018), “Lending implications of US bank stress tests: costs or benefits?”, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Vol. 34, pp. 58-90. 23) Chouaibi, J., Rossi, M. and Abdessamed, N. (2021), "The effect of corporate social responsibility practices on tax avoidance: an empirical study in the French context", Competitiveness Review, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print 24) Dakhli, A. (2021), "The impact of ownership structure on corporate tax avoidance with corporate social responsibility as mediating variable", Journal of Financial Crime, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-07-2021-0152 25) Auerbach, A.J. and Slemrod, J. (1997), “The economic effects of the tax reform act of 1986”, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 35, pp. 589-632. 26) Baker, C.R., and Owsen, D.M. (2002). “Increasing the role of auditing in corporate governance”. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 13 (5-6), 783-795 27) Ben-David, I., Graham, J. R. & Harvey, C. R. (2010). Managerial miscalibration, working paper, Duke University: 1547-1584. 28) Bertrand, M., Schoar, A., (2003). Managing with Style: The Effects of Managers on Firm Policies. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 118 (4), 1169-1208. 29) Billett, M.T., King, T.H.D. and Mauer, D.C. (2007), “Growth opportunities and the choice of leverage, debt maturity, and covenants”, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 62 No. 2, pp. 697-730. 30) Bonner, S., J. Davis, and B. Jackson. (1992). Expertise in corporate tax planning: The issue at the identification stage, Journal of Accounting Research, 30: 1–28 31) Brealey, R. and Myers, S. (1996), Principles of Corporate Finance, 5th ed.,McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. 32) Cen, L., Maydew, E., Zhang, L., Zuo, L., (2017). Customer-supplier relationships and corporate tax avoidance. Journal of Financial Economics, 123(2), 377-394 33) Chaplinsky, S. and Niehaus, G. (1990), “The tax and distributional effects of leveraged ESOPs”, Financial Management, Vol. 19No. 1, pp. 2-38 34) Chen, S., Chen, X., Cheng, Q. and Shevlin, T.J. (2010), “Are family firms more tax aggressive than nonfamily firms?”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 95 No. 1, pp. 41-61 35) Conesa, C.J. and Dominguez, B. (2020), “Capital taxes and redistribution: the role of management time and tax-deductible investment”, Review of Economic Dynamics, Vol. 37, pp. 156-172. 36) Demerjian, P.R., Lev, B., McVay, S.E. (2012). Quantifying managerial ability: A new measure and validity tests. Management Science, 58(7), 1229-1248. 37) Derashid, C. and Zhang, H. (2003), “Effective tax rates and the ‘industrial policy’ hypothesis: evidence fromMalaysia”, Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Vol. 12No. 1, pp. 45-62. 38) Dhaliwal, D., Judd, J. S., Serfling, M. A., Shaikh, S.A., (2016). Customer Concentration Risk and the Cost of Equity Capital. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 61 (1), 23–48. 39) Duan, Tinghua; Ding, Rong; Hou, Wenxuan; Zhang, Ziyang. (2018). the burden of attention: CEO publicity and tax avoidance. Journal of Business Research: 87: 90- 101. 40) Dyreng, S.D., Hanlon, M., Maydew, E.L. and Thornock, J.R. (2017), “Changes in corporate International Journal of Finance and Managerial Accounting / 107 Vol.8 / No.30 / Summer 2023 effective tax rates over the past 25 years”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 124 No. 3, pp. 441-463. 41) Ferguson, A., J. Francis, and D. Stokes. (2003). The effects of firm-wide and office-level industry expertise on audit pricing, The Accounting Review,78 (2): 429–448. 42) Francis, J., R. LaFond, P. Olsson, and K. Schipper. (2004). “Costs of equity and earnings attributes” The Accounting Review: 79, 967–1010. 43) Francis, J.R. (2004). “What do we know about audit quality?”. The British Accounting Review, 36 (4), 345-368 44) Gosman, M. and Kohlbeck, M., (2009). Effects of existence of identity of major customers on supplier profitability: Is Wal-Mart different? Journal of Management Accounting Research, 21, 179-201 45) Graham, J.R. and Tucker, A.L. (2006), “Tax shelters and corporate debt policy”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 81 No. 3, pp. 563-594. 46) Gupta, S. and Newberry, K. (1997), “Determinants of the variability in corporate effective tax rates: evidence from longitudinal data”, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 1-34. 47) Hanlon, M. and Heitzman, S. (2010). A review of tax research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 50 Nos 2/3, pp. 127-178 48) Hanway, K. &Vance, S. (2010). Accounting Method Changes and Elections to Increase Taxable Income, in what's New in Tax, edited by L. KPMG. 49) Heaton, J. (2002). Managerial optimism and corporate finance. Financial Management, 31 (2): 33-45. 50) Huang, H, H., Lobo, J., Wang, C. and Xie, H. (2016). Customer Concentration and Corporate Tax Avoidance. Journal of Banking and Finance, 72, 184-200 51) Isin, A.A. (2018), “Tax avoidance and cost of debt: the case for loan-specific risk mitigation and public debt financing”, Journal of Corporate Finance, Vol. 49, pp. 344-378. 52) Janssen, B. (2005), “Corporate effective tax rates in The Netherlands”, De Economist, Vol. 153No. 1, pp.47-66. 53) Judd, K.L. (1985), “Redistributive taxation in a simple perfect foresight model”, Journal of Public Economics, Vol. 28 No. 1, pp. 59-83. 54) Kathleen, M.K. and Shastri, K. (2005), “Firm performance, capital structure, and the tax benefits of employee stock options”, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 40 No. 1, pp. 135-160. 55) Kend M. (2008). Client industry audit expertise: towards a better understanding, Pacific Accounting Review, 20:49-62 56) Lambert, R., C. Leuz, and R. Verrecchia. (2007). “Accounting Information, Disclosure, and the Cost of Capital.” Journal of Accounting Research 45(2): 385-420. 57) Lane, N., and Piercy, N. (2006). The Underlying Vulnerabilities in Key Account Management Strategies. European Management Journal, 24, 151–162. 58) Lazar, S. (2014), “Determinants of the variability of corporate effective tax rates: evidence from Romanian listed companies”, Emerging Markets Finance & Trade, Vol. 50 No. 4, pp. 113-131 59) Lemmon, M., Roberts, M.R. and Zender, J.F. (2008), “Back to the beginning: persistence and the crosssection of corporate Capital structure”, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 63 No. 4, pp. 1537-2082. 60) Liansheng, W., Wang, Y., Luo, W. and Gillis, P. (2012), “State ownership, tax status and size effect of effective tax rate in China”, Accounting and Business Research, Vol. 42 No. 2, pp. 97-114. 61) Malmendier, U. & Tate, G. (2005). CEO Overconfidence and Corporate Investment. Journal of Finance, 60 (6): 661–700. 62) Noor, R.M., Fadzillah, N.S.M. and Mastuki, N. (2010), “Corporate tax planning: a study on corporate effective tax rates of Malaysian listed companies”, International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 189-193. 63) Noor, R.M., Mastuki, N. and Bardai, B. (2008), “Corporate effective tax rates: a study on Malaysian public listed companies”, Malaysian Accounting Review, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 1-20. 64) Panda, A.K. and Nanda, S. (2021), "Receptiveness of effective tax rate to firm characteristics: an empirical analysis on Indian listed firms", Journal of Asia Business Studies, Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 198-214. 108 / Model of the comprehensive index of tax avoidance and company' attributes Vol.8 / No.30 / Summer 2023 65) Park, J., KO, C.Y., Jung, H., Lee, Y.S. (2016). Managerial ability and tax avoidance: Evidence from Korea. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 23(4), 1-29 66) Rajan, R.G. and Zingales, L. (1995), “What do we know about capital structure? Some evidence from international data”, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 50 No. 5, pp. 1421-1460 67) Ribeiro, A., Cerqueira, A. and Branda˜o, E. (2015), “The determinants of effective tax rates: firms’ characteristics and corporate governance”, FEP working paper, n. 567,December 2015, ISSN: 0870-8541. 68) Richardson, G. and Lanis, R. (2007), “Determinants of the variability in corporate effective tax rates and tax reform: evidence from Australia”, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, Vol. 26 No. 6, pp. 689-704. 69) Richardson, G., Taylor, G., and Lanis, R. (2013). “The impact of board of director oversight characteristics on corporate tax aggressiveness: an empirical analysis”. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 32 (3), 68-88 70) Rose, N. L., Shepard, A. (1997). Firm Diversification and CEO Compensation: Managerial Ability or Executive Entrenchment. The RAND Journal of Economics, Vol. 28 (3), 489-514. 71) Satori, Nicolas. (2008).effects of strategic tax behaviors on corporate governance. University of Michigan 72) Scherand, C.M., and Zechman, S.L. (2011). Executive overconfidence and the slippery slope to financial misreporting. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 7 (11): 4-11. 73) Shavinina, L. V., Medvid, M. (2009). Understanding Managerial Talent. In International Handbook on Giftedness, Springer, Netherlands, pp. 839-851 74) Smith, C.W. and Watts, R.L. (1992), “The investment opportunity set and corporate financing, dividend and compensation policies”, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 32 No. 3, pp. 263-292 75) Taylor, G., Richardson, G. (2014). Incentives for corporate tax planning and reporting: Empirical evidence from Australia, Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics: 10 (1): 1–15. 76) Titman, S. and Wessels, R. (1988), “The determinants of capital structure choice”, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 43 No. 1, pp. 1467-1484 77) Van Der Pilos, Nina. (2017). Tax Avoidance and Corporate Governance. Does the board of directors influence tax avoidance? Unpublished master’s Thesis. Erasmus School of Economics. 78) Wang, J., (2012). Do firms’ relationships with principal customers/suppliers affect shareholders’ income? Journal of Corporate Finance, 18, 860-878. 79) Zimmerman, J. (1983), “Taxes and firmsize”, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 5, pp. 119-149. 80) Zou, H. and Xiao, J.Z. (2006), “The financing behavior of listed Chinese firms”, The British Accounting Review, Vol. 38 No. 3, pp. 239-258. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 100 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 148 |